• Describe the relationship between spinal cord injury and problems with the urinary system and bladder function.
• Review the process of normal urination, including the anatomy and physiology of the bladder and it's nervous system control.
• List the neurological changes that take place with supraspinal, suprasacral and infrasacral spinal cord injuries.
• Describe the optimal initial bladder management strategies after spinal cord injury, including during spinal shock.
• List the factors to be considered in bladder training and management during the long-term recovery period after SCI.
• Anticipate the problem of Autonomic Dysreflexia (AD) after SCI, including triggering factors, signs and symptoms, treatment options and prevention.
• Discuss the incidence of urinary tract infections after SCI, including causes, signs and symptoms, assessment issues, treatment and prevention.

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