Six Types of UI: Assess & Manage

4. FUNCTIONAL

DEFINITION:

Impairment of physical and/or cognitive abilities.

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY:

Conditions that affect the functional capacity of an individual, such as:

• trauma
• CVA
• severe rheumatoid arthritis
• Parkinson's disease
• delirium
• dementias

Environmental barriers and poor lighting also cause or contribute.

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS:

Urine loss is unexplained in terms of urinary dysfunction or pathology. May be iatrogenic or may happen after move to a nursing home.

CHARACTERISTIC FINDINGS:

Functional and/or mental impairment. May occur in addition to Urge or Stress UI.

MANAGEMENT OPTIONS:

Improve functional and mental status by:

• therapies
• structured environment
• assistance in voiding as needed
• habit training, if patient's normal pattern can be determined.
• prompted voiding for patients who can recognize some degree of bladder fullness.
• Timed voiding for patients who cannot participate in independent toileting.

Instant Feedback:

A change in environment can precipitate UI in a person with normal urinary function and normal cognition.

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